GENES The gene is a nucleic acid sequence that is necessary for function of gene product. Gene may be a protein coding gene whose transcribed RNA is translated into proteins or RNA only genes. Protein coding genes may be solitary or families or tandem repeats NON –CODING SEQUENCE The non coding sequence are genes that do not encode the protein. The amount of non-coding sequence in DNA of organism varies among species. Eg-Human genome -98% non-coding genes Prokaryotes -10% non-coding genes Types of Non coding sequences The non coding sequences can be in the form of following Introns Anti leader and Anti trailer sequence Promoter sequence Enhancers Pseudogenes Gene fragments Telomeres Non-coding functional RNA Cis-Trans regulatory elements INTRONS Introns are non-coding sequence that transcribed into RNA But precursor mRNA removed by splicing during processing. The eukaryotic genome has large amount of introns...
Biomolecules are consists of Carbon,hydrogen,Oxygen and Nitrogen elements.These biomolecules are found in body as 3 groups Carbohydrates,Aminoacids,Lipids and Nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.These are hydrates of carbon and it's derivatives It's molecular formula is CnH2nOn. Carbohydrates are classified as Monosaccharide,Disaccharides,Polysacharides. Monosaccharide are simple sugar units classified as.Based on C-number and Base on functional group as trioses,tetroses,Pentodes,Hexoses and heptoses. Oligosaccharides has 2-10 carbon units.It is classified into disaccharide,trisacharide,tetrasacharide and Pentasacharide.Polysacharides are nonsugar units and has more than 10 Carbon sugar units.Polysacharides are divided into homo and hetero polysaccharides.Physical properties of Carbohydrates are based on its colour,shape,optical activity and mutarotation .Based on biological function it has wide variety of functions. So Chemical properties o...